home Constipation Why do the kidneys hurt? Kidneys hurt in a person: why, for what diseases and what to do. Neoplasm in the kidney

Why do the kidneys hurt? Kidneys hurt in a person: why, for what diseases and what to do. Neoplasm in the kidney

Kidneys hurt when their functions are impaired and various diseases. The symptoms are different. Unpleasant sensations in the lower back also occur in diseases of other organs. How to understand what the problem is with the kidneys, and what to do at the same time, this article will tell you in detail.

These organs are located on either side of the spine, at the level of the lower ribs. Outwardly, they look like beans weighing about 150 g. Under the outer shell is a complex blood filtration system. Passing through the kidney tissue, the blood is cleared of toxic metabolic waste. The necessary substances - minerals, proteins, vitamins - are returned to the blood. Waste is collected in the renal pelvis, sent through the ureter to the bladder and thrown out when urinating. Painful sensations arise from one or both sides, it depends on whether one kidney is affected or both.

Kidney pain is similar to signs of osteochondrosis, radiculopathy, or herniated discs, but spinal diseases have characteristic differences:

Aching or shooting pain radiates to the leg, aggravated by movement. It prevents a person from straightening out, makes him maintain a tense posture.
The horizontal position of the body facilitates the patient's condition.
The temperature is not elevated, there is no chill, perspiration.
Urination is painless, there is no turbidity, blood or pus in the urine.

Such symptoms indicate that the cause of painful sensations is associated with the spine.

Important! When the back muscles are bruised or strained, kidney pain is often attributed to injury. But internal organs can also be damaged - bruised, ruptured or crush. This is a dangerous situation in which you cannot do without medical help. If, after a back injury, the appearance of urine has changed, an admixture of blood appears, the body temperature rises, you must consult a doctor.

Other illnesses also cause lumbar discomfort:

How to understand that the kidney hurts?

A characteristic symptom that speaks of kidney disease is a change in urine. The color, smell, transparency change, impurities of pus or blood appear. The amount of urine excreted decreases. Other symptoms may appear:

Stabs, shoots, or pulses to one side of the spine.
Drawing or aching pain, a feeling of heaviness in the lower back.
Urination is frequent, painful, intermittent.
The person is tormented by thirst, dry mouth.
Swelling - persistent or early in the morning - appears on the face, arms, and legs.
General deterioration of health - intoxication causes weakness, dizziness, loss of appetite.
The body temperature rises, chills, nausea, vomiting begin.
Blood pressure rises.

With pain in the kidneys and the presence of associated symptoms, treatment and supervision by a nephrologist is required.

Why do kidneys hurt?

The kidneys can hurt from the fact that a person drank a lot of fluids, and they work hard to remove it from the body. Alcoholic beverages load the kidney tissues with additional work - neutralizing toxic metabolites. With intense physical activity - running fast, exercising in the gym - discomfort arises from the fact that a large volume of blood is pumped through the kidneys.

Often, kidney pain is caused by more serious causes:

Inflammatory processes - glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis.
Infections - urological or venereal.
Nephroptosis (organ prolapse).
Complications after tonsillitis, flu.
Urolithiasis disease.
Cysts are single, multiple (polycystic).
Neoplasms - benign or malignant.
Stenosis (narrowing) of the renal artery.
Blockage of an artery by a thrombus, atherosclerotic plaque.
Injuries - bruise, rupture, injury.

Diseases that cause kidney pain occur at any age. A nephrologist should determine their cause.

In children, there are congenital pathologies, from hypothermia, inflammatory processes occur, and in case of violations of water-salt metabolism, sand and stones. Complaints of a child about pain from the lower back are a serious reason for contacting a pediatrician.

During pregnancy, discomfort in the lumbar region appears from the enlargement of the uterus, which presses on the surrounding organs. Painful manifestations increase with exacerbation of chronic diseases, the development of renal failure. This condition is dangerous for a woman and a child. The expectant mother needs to be hospitalized for treatment under the supervision of specialists.

How do kidneys hurt?

The nature of the pain syndrome depends on the disease that causes it. Based on the description of the symptoms and the results of the examination, the nephrologist makes a preliminary diagnosis and prescribes tests to clarify it. It is necessary to tell the specialist in detail where and how the kidney hurts.

Renal colic

A piercing, unbearable pain in the kidney area is a symptom of renal colic. It gives to the groin, perineum, abdominal cavity, rectum. The excretion of urine decreases, blood appears in it, a cloudy sediment. The patient turns pale, covered with cold sweat. An attack begins with blockage of the exit of the ureter from the renal pelvis. No urine is excreted, causing severe pain in the kidney. Often, urine flow is blocked by stones, but it can be blocked by a clot of pus or a neoplasm.

Only a nephrologist can establish the cause of an attack. All that can be done at home is to provide the patient with peace, call an ambulance. You cannot try to stop the attack yourself. When a stone or clot comes out, the pain in the kidney stops. But if this does not happen, complications will arise that cannot be dealt with without the help of a specialist. And a late visit to a doctor reduces the patient's chances of a successful outcome.

Colic attacks are dangerous for pregnant women and children. Pregnant women with acute colic are often admitted to the maternity ward because the symptoms are similar to premature birth. It is difficult to diagnose renal colic in young children who are unable to explain what is bothering them. They need hospitalization for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Note! Often, renal colic begins during the patient's attempt to independently remove stones with kidney stones. Eating a lot of cucumbers, watermelons or diuretic herbal preparations leads to the movement of stones and blockage of the ureters, provoking an attack.

A painful throbbing on one side of the lower back may be a sign of kidney failure. This is a pathological condition in which the renal tissue cannot cope with the purification of the blood, therefore the body begins to suffer from intoxication. In addition to the pain syndrome, dizziness and shortness of breath appear, blood pressure rises, and the work of the heart is disrupted. Severe kidney failure can be fatal, so pulsating kidney pain cannot be ignored.

Aching, pressing or pulling pain

Kidneys ache with inflammatory or infectious processes. Kidney pain is accompanied by urological signs of inflammation: the amount of urine decreases, it becomes fetid, dark or colorless. Cramps when urinating indicate irritation of the urinary tract. Edema, dry mouth, thirst appear. Weakness, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting are often accompanied by aching pain in the kidneys. A rise in temperature, chills, and fever means the disease is progressing. If the disease is not cured, it will become chronic, then the kidneys will hurt with every exacerbation.

The back constantly aches with kidney stones. Stones and sand irritate the surrounding tissue, causing inflammation. If the stones move, getting stuck at the entrance to the ureter, acute pain occurs - renal colic.

If the lower back aches from time to time, when lifting weights, being in an upright position, this may be a symptom of nephroptosis. The organs are held in place by tendons and fat. If this layer becomes thinner and the ligaments weaken, the kidney may move down or sideways. From the tension of the ligaments, pain occurs. Prolapse most often occurs in women after pregnancy, childbirth, with a lot of weight loss. Such a pathological condition is dangerous because when the kidney is displaced, it can turn, twisting the blood vessels. Blood access will be blocked, which will lead to necrosis - tissue death.

Pressing pain in the kidney is a symptom of a cyst or tumor. It appears when the neoplasm grows so much that it begins to put pressure on the nerve endings. Pressing pain in neoplasms is accompanied by weight loss, poor appetite, weakness, sweating. With such symptoms, wasting time on self-medication is unacceptable. Oncological diseases develop imperceptibly, pain syndrome appears at a late stage of the disease, when it is difficult to cure it.

What should you do if your kidneys are sick?

See a doctor. Kidney diseases are life-threatening, you cannot try to cure them yourself. With aching, throbbing, pressing pains, you should visit a therapist and take tests. Based on their results, the doctor will refer the patient to a specialist: urologist, nephrologist or oncologist for a detailed examination and treatment.

If the pain is sharp, cutting, you need to immediately call an ambulance. If the pain is tolerable, then you can use the following recommendations:

Drink No-shpu, Papaverine or other antispasmodic drug.
Observe bed rest.
Stick to a diet.
Drinking pure water, compote or fruit drink - these drinks are healthier than tea or coffee for the kidneys.

Therapeutic diet

A distinctive feature of this diet is the reduction in the amount of protein foods. It is recommended to eat vegetables, fruits, cereals, dairy products. Lean meat, lean fish and poultry are included in the menu 1-2 times a week. The amount of salt is reduced to a minimum. Eating boiled, stewed, steamed dishes from permitted products reduces the load on the urinary system. Vegetable soups, cereals, salads with vegetable oil, stewed vegetables, fresh fruits - a varied, healthy diet for a sick person. Watermelons and cucumbers, which have a diuretic effect, are recommended to be consumed in small quantities. Herbal teas are allowed with the permission of the attending physician.

If the kidneys hurt, you need to be treated by a nephrologist, urologist. To prescribe adequate treatment, it is necessary to conduct a detailed examination and make an accurate diagnosis. Self-medication for kidney disease leads to severe complications, and in some cases - to death. Treatment under the supervision of a competent specialist will eliminate the cause of the painful manifestations and restore health.

There are many kidney diseases, but there is one symptom that is characteristic of any pathology - it is pain. In some cases, urination disorder may occur. The intensity of the pain syndrome can vary depending on the type of disease. What causes kidney pain in women and men?

If there are pains in the kidney area, then there is no need to delay the visit to the doctor. Before starting treatment, you need to find out what was the cause. Self-medication in this case is unacceptable, since it can only aggravate the situation and lead to the development of complications. To make a diagnosis, doctors use modern diagnostic methods - computed tomography, ultrasound. To obtain a complete clinical picture, a laboratory study of blood and urine is prescribed.

Why do kidneys hurt? The reasons for this may be:

idiopathic and systemic diseases;
secondary renal disease;
infectious and inflammatory pathologies;
congenital anomalies;
toxic nephritis.

Depending on where the pathological process is located, the disease is primary and secondary. If pathological changes are observed in the renal tissue, then this is the primary disease. If the focus is localized in other organs, then this is a secondary type.

Why do kidneys hurt? Acute kidney pain can occur due to trauma. It may be an organ injury. In this case, the person will not experience severe and short-term pain in the lumbar region. When an organ ruptures, a strong pain syndrome occurs. Blood pressure also decreases, a hematoma is formed and blood clots appear in the urine. Acute pain is caused by severe trauma. In this case, internal hemorrhage occurs. If you do not provide help to a person in a timely manner, then he will lose consciousness.

A pulling or dull pain may appear during pregnancy. What causes kidney pain in pregnant women? This is due to the fact that the uterus grows in size and puts pressure on the internal organs. If a woman was diagnosed with chronic pyelonephritis or urolithiasis before pregnancy, then the risk of pain syndrome increases.

Possible diseases

Kidneys can hurt with kidney stones. This is the most common kidney disease. The disease develops due to a violation of the metabolism of salts in the body, infection of the urinary tract and kidneys. In this case, the patient experiences severe back pain, the so-called. renal colic. Fever, blood in the urine, and dysuria are also added to the symptoms. With the progression of the disease, the patient's condition worsens. Weakness, dry mouth, stool retention, nausea and vomiting appear. However, the disease can be asymptomatic for some time.

When kidneys hurt due to stones, doctors prescribe conservative treatment: diet, crushing stones with ultrasound and taking medications. In severe cases, surgery is performed (extraction of stones).

If there is bilateral pain in the kidney area, the reasons are glomerulonephritis. This is a serious damage to the renal glomeruli (glomeruli). The causes of pain are associated with infectious diseases, taking certain medications, poisoning with toxins, systemic diseases. The disease can be recognized by high blood pressure, edema, and a decrease in the volume of urine excreted. With a pronounced clinical picture, the patient is hospitalized and prescribed antibacterial, symptomatic and immunosuppressive therapy.

Atherosclerosis of the arteries of the kidneys is capable of provoking pain syndrome. An ailment develops due to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in the vessels. Atherosclerosis of the renal arteries progresses slowly. At first, the disease is asymptomatic. Patients with this diagnosis are treated with antihypertensive therapy.

If there is pain in the right kidney, the reasons may be hidden in a tumor of a benign or malignant nature. Disruption of urine flow is also added to the symptoms. The patient may experience discomfort in the back or lower back.

In the modern world, more and more often the cause of kidney disease is psychosomatics. These are diseases, the root cause of which was not physical, but psychological factors (stress). The psychosomatic character is characteristic of inflammation of the ureters, depletion of blood vessels in the organ. In this case, drug treatment will only alleviate the condition, but will not neutralize the pathology itself. You need to solve the problem at a subconscious level.

The reason for everything is antibiotics

Many patients complain that their kidneys hurt after antibiotics. Antibiotics kill bacteria necessary for the kidneys. This leads to disruption of their work. Antibiotics are not safe drugs. These drugs have absolute contraindications and a number of side effects, so only a doctor who knows the complete clinical picture of the patient should prescribe them.

The nature of low back pain from antibiotics depends on many factors. The provoking factors include the dosage, frequency and duration of the drug intake, as well as its composition, the patient's individual sensitivity to the components.

The symptoms of antibiotic damage are not only pain, but also a feeling of thirst, an increase in the level of urea in the blood. Also, the daily volume of urine excreted may change (both up and down). These symptoms indicate impaired kidney function.

Antibiotics destroy the kidney tissue and deform the epithelial tubules. Also, antibiotics can interfere with blood flow and cause hemodynamic disorders in the kidneys. Therefore, if there are kidney problems before taking antibiotics, then it is better to consult with your doctor and evaluate the potential benefits and possible complications of such treatment.

If pain does occur, doctors prescribe hemodialysis, diet, and probiotics that restore beneficial bacteria. During treatment, it is contraindicated to lift weights and play sports, as this will slow down the recovery process.

Development of pyelonephritis

Kidney pain in men and women can occur due to pyelonephritis. This is an infectious and inflammatory disease. Why do the kidneys hurt with pyelonephritis? The causative agent of the disease is pathogenic microorganisms that enter the kidneys from the lower parts of the urinary system. The disease is mainly caused by E. coli, but sometimes staphylococci or gram-negative bacteria can act as a causative agent.

Pyelonephritis is a serious medical condition. According to statistics, the reason why the left kidney hurts in women is precisely pyelonephritis. However, in some cases, the right kidney may also hurt. This is due to the fact that the urethra in women is shorter and wider, so pathogenic bacteria can easily penetrate into the bladder and kidneys. With neurogenic damage to the bladder, congenital anomalies of the urinary system, damage to the spinal cord, the risk of developing pyelonephritis increases sharply.

The disease can also be recognized by other symptoms. The patient develops nausea, which is often accompanied by vomiting, body temperature rises, chills and loss of appetite. With the progression of the disease, fatigue, malaise, and slight swelling are noted. In 10% of cases, tachycardia and dehydration may occur. Without treatment, pyelonephritis becomes chronic.

If the left kidney hurts, the reasons are identified and a diagnosis is made, then the doctors prescribe treatment. Disease therapy is carried out with antibacterial drugs. As an adjunctive therapy, you can use folk remedies. To reduce the symptoms of the disease will help infusions of bearberry, nettle, rosehip.

Why the right kidney or the left one hurts can only be determined by a doctor after a complete diagnosis and anamnesis. Treatment is prescribed based on the data obtained. The doctor also considers the severity of the disease and the severity of the symptoms.

Surely any person has experienced back pain at least once in his life, when turning, bending, exercising, suddenly lifting weights, getting out of bed in the morning and even at rest. This symptom most often indicates kidney problems. If the kidneys ache, then this is a reason to immediately consult a specialist.

Discomfort can occur in different parts of the lower back: below, left or right. Therefore, the person himself will not be able to determine the cause of the pain, and, therefore, provide himself with competent help. It is necessary to take adequate measures as soon as possible, otherwise it is fraught with serious complications.

Causes and mechanism of development

The kidneys do not have nerve endings, but they are richly supplied with the renal capsule, in which the organs are enclosed. It is the nerve endings of the capsule that signal kidney problems. There is a whole range of reasons that can cause kidney pain:

the most common cause is inflammation, pyelonephritis (inflammation of the calyces, parenchyma and pelvis), glomerulonephritis (inflammation of the glomeruli);
prolapse of one of the paired organs (nephroptosis);
tuberculosis;
respiratory diseases;
irradiation with angina pectoris;
dysfunction of the digestive system;
multiple cysts in the kidneys;
traumatic damage to the arteries or aorta;
radiculitis;
kidney stone, urolithiasis, cholelithiasis;
spondyloarthrosis;
neoplasms.

Physiological pain can occur in pregnant women due to excessive pressure on the organ, however, this does not exclude pathology. The kidneys begin to ache if you drink large amounts of fluids in a short period of time.

The clinical picture and symptoms of diseases

As a rule, renal pain does not occur on its own, but is accompanied by other symptoms. The symptom complex for renal pain is different, depending on the cause and includes:

the main symptom is pain, both organs can hurt at the same time, as well as the left or right kidney separately, which is most often observed;
temperature change from subfebrile to febrile;
weakness, weakness, fatigue;
increased blood pressure;
nausea, vomiting;
swelling of the face, sweating;
violation of urination: intermittency or complete blockade, change in the color of urine, more often it is a bright orange color.

With a kidney cyst, adenoma, oncocytoma, hamartoma, pain increases and becomes unbearable when it grows into the renal pelvis.

With colic, a one-sided syndrome is noted: either the left or right kidney aches. If only the right kidney hurts, then this may indicate inflammatory processes in nearby organs due to the close location of the liver. Perhaps it is cholelithiasis, hepatitis, stones in the urinary ducts.

If the discomfort is physiological and is associated with muscle overstrain, then the symptoms will gradually subside. If the pains are aching in nature, do not subside, cramps join, limitation of mobility - this can be a dangerous condition that requires urgent medical attention.

Diagnostics

The diagnosis of renal disease should be comprehensive. The doctor finds out the complaints, asks the patient what diseases he suffered in life, especially infectious ones, whether there was hypothermia, whether any of the close relatives had similar problems.

Further: what the patient eats, how much liquid he drinks, what liquid and at what time of day, what kind of pains they bother, in what place, at what time most of all. It is found out how the patient urinates, whether there is pain during urination, impurities in the urine, and so on.

Examines the patient to determine the presence of edema, discoloration of the skin, measures blood pressure and pulse. For kidney disease, the positive symptom of Pasternatsky is characteristic: the pain intensifies when the edge of the palm of the hand hits the lower back.

A blood test, biochemistry, a general urine test, a Zimnitsky test, which will reveal inflammation, are prescribed. From instrumental research methods are used: ultrasound, MRI. With their help, they determine the benign or malignant nature of the formation, reveal the size of the tumor, localization, the extent of the process, metastases. Biopsy is done if necessary.

Treatment

If pain in the kidney occurs for the first time, pain relievers should not be taken, as it may be an acute condition requiring urgent surgery. You need to call an ambulance. With inflammation, antibacterial and symptomatic therapy is performed. In case of neoplasms - surgical treatment followed by radiation and chemotherapy.

For kidney stones, minimally invasive surgical methods of treatment are used, or ultrasonic crushing of stones. An attack of renal colic can be relieved by taking antispasmodics and sitting for 15 minutes in a hot bath (no more than 40 degrees) with medicinal soothing herbs. But this, if it is known for sure that there is no purulent inflammation and the body temperature is normal. In all cases, a salt-free diet and a drinking regimen are prescribed.

Pregnancy has its own specificity of treatment, therefore, in such cases, consultation with a gynecologist is mandatory.

Prevention

It should be remembered that the kidneys are thermophilic organ, they should always be kept warm and not overcooled. It is necessary to timely treat infectious diseases, including chronic ones, so that the infection does not spread throughout the body.

Particular attention in prevention is paid to nutrition: in case of kidney problems, avoid the use of salted, smoked, pickled, canned foods. You need to drink at least three liters of water per day, but do not drink it at night. It is not recommended to drink carbonated drinks, it contributes to the formation of stones. You can not lift weights and make sudden movements, tilts, you need to get out of bed smoothly. It is recommended not to use vehicles that strongly "shake".

The kidneys are a vital organ in the human body, problems with them can lead to disability of the patient, the symptoms of renal pathologies are varied, so in no case should you self-medicate.

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The site provides background information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases must be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. A specialist consultation is required!

Kidney pain - a complaint that patients often make at a doctor's appointment. In fact, it is impossible to tell if the pain is causing the pain before the examination and examination is done. kidneys , or another body. Most often, a person complains of kidney pain if they have pain in the lower back, lower back, or side.

How does the kidney pain symptom manifest?

Not everyone knows about this, but pain in the kidneys bothers a person not above the pelvis, but above, right under the lower ribs. It is at this level that the kidneys are located - in the upper part of the lower back.
By nature, pain in the kidneys can be acute, aching, pulling, stabbing. It can occur in the form of seizures, or constantly disturb.

Before the patient is examined by a doctor, it is impossible to say for sure about what caused the pain in the kidneys. It cannot even be argued that it generally has a renal origin. After all, next to the kidneys is intestines , spleen, liver , ureters, spinal column. Pain in the back and lower back can come from these organs as well.

Kidney pain caused by a pathology of the urinary system

Urolithiasis disease

Acute renal pain attacks can be caused by stones in the kidneys (renal cups, pelvis) or ureters. In this case, pain can be caused by the following reasons:

damage from the sharp edges of the stone to the mucous membrane of the urinary tract;
violation of the outflow of urine, and its increased pressure in the renal pelvis;
inflammation in the wall of the pelvis or ureter, which is compressed and traumatized by a stone (in more severe cases, bedsores are formed);
spasm of the ureter, which contains the stone.

Attacks of urolithiasis appear as a characteristic picture of the renal colic ... This is a stabbing, unbearable pain in the kidney area, which is usually triggered by the intake of alcohol and certain types of food during a feast. During renal colic, pain is constant and very strong, they do not pass, no matter what position the patient occupies. He can sit, lie on his back, on his stomach, on his side, his legs are bent, but the pain will still be just as unbearable.

During renal colic, along with severe acute pain in the kidney, in the lower back or in the side, other symptoms occur:

small temperature increase body;
deterioration in general health;
the appearance of blood impurities in the urine (the result of trauma to the mucous membrane with a stone);
sometimes the stone is positioned so that it blocks the flow of urine.

Help with renal colic is carried out by the doctors of the Ambulance and the admission department of the hospital, where the patient is taken without fail. In order to eliminate pain in the kidney, pain relievers and antispasmodics are used. X-rays are taken and Ultrasound , decide on further surgical or drug treatment.

Pyelonephritis

Pyelonephritis is an infectious pathology that affects the kidneys, renal calyx, and pelvis. Infection can be caused by various pathogens. It is almost always bacterial in nature.

Pyelonephritis is characterized by dull aching pains in the kidney area. Depending on the side of the lesion, there may be pain in the right, left kidney, or bilateral pain.

Most often, renal pain with pyelonephritis is permanent. It is not very strong, but, nevertheless, it gives the patient some anxiety. With calculous pyelonephritis (if the infection has developed against the background of urolithiasis), the pains are paroxysmal, can be quite strong and resemble attacks of renal colic.

In addition to pain syndrome, the following symptoms are characteristic of pyelonephritis:

an increase in body temperature up to 38 - 40 o С, feverish conditions are very characteristic;
general impairment of well-being, weakness, increased fatigue ;
nausea and vomiting if the pathology is difficult enough;
pallor of the skin, swelling of the face in the morning.

Treatment of kidney pain caused by pyelonephritis is carried out by a urologist or nephrologist ... The origin of the pain syndrome is accurately established after ultrasound, radiography with contrast, blood tests and urine.

The basis of the treatment of pyelonephritis is the appointment of antibacterial drugs.

Glomerulonephritis

Glomerulonephritis - an inflammatory disease that affects the renal tubules and glomeruli. It most often develops after a streptococcal infection, (for example, sore throats).

Most often, glomerulonephritis develops acutely, with pain in the kidney area in the lower back on both sides. The following symptoms develop at the same time:

violation of the general condition: weakness, lethargy, fatigue, pallor;
swelling on the face that appears in the morning - can be very massive, sometimes due to them, the patient's body weight increases by 20 kg in just one day;
significant increase blood pressure , in many patients it rises to 170/100 mm Hg;
a small amount of urine - released per day in an amount of less than one liter;
a large number of blood in urine - it has a typical appearance, which is designated by doctors as "the color of meat slops."

The final diagnosis of glomerulonephritis with pain in the kidneys is established after laboratory tests of the patient's blood and urine. Medication is prescribed.

Atherosclerosis of the renal arteries

The disease is a particular manifestation of atherosclerosis. At the same time, cholesterol plaques are formed in the lumen of the renal artery, which disrupt blood flow in the organ, and interfere with the flow of blood into the kidney for normal urine formation. At the same time, there are periodic aching pains in the kidney area, accompanied by an increase in blood pressure.

In general, the disease is very similar to hypertension ... The diagnosis is established after a general urinalysis , general and biochemical blood test, ultrasound of the kidneys with dopplerography renal arteries.

The treatment of this pathology practically does not differ from the usual treatment. atherosclerosis ... Appropriate medications are prescribed diet , give recommendations for a rational lifestyle. If necessary, resort to surgical removal of atherosclerotic plaques.

Renal artery thrombosis

Thrombosis renal artery is an acute condition requiring immediate medical attention. The disease develops when a detached blood clot enters one of the branches of the renal artery, which blocks renal blood flow. The occurrence of pain syndrome is connected with this.
With renal artery thrombosis, acute and rather severe pain occurs in the kidney, in the lower back, in the back, and spreads to the side and abdomen. In addition, a number of other symptoms are observed:

a sudden significant increase in blood pressure, as with arterial hypertension ;
nausea and vomiting, constipation - symptoms due to which thrombosis of the renal artery can be confused with appendicitis and other acute surgical pathologies of the abdominal organs;
increased body temperature;
little or no urine.

In the event of severe acute pain in the kidney and suspected renal artery thrombosis, an ambulance should be called immediately. Doctors will introduce pain relievers , if necessary, they will carry out anti-shock measures and take the patient to the hospital. The hospital will conduct an examination and prescribe medication, or form an indication for surgical intervention.

Kidney cyst

Renal cysts - not very common, but extremely diverse pathological formations that can manifest themselves with pain in the kidneys, in the lower back or back. The cyst can be congenital or acquired. They are single or multiple (in this case, the disease is designated as polycystic kidneys). Kidney pain with polycystic disease is caused by the following reasons:
1. A large cyst compresses the kidney itself and nearby organs.
2. As the cyst grows, the renal capsule is stretched.
3. A cyst can obstruct the normal flow of urine.

Usually cysts are detected during ultrasound, CT scan , MRI, radiography with contrast. In addition to kidney pain, they can manifest with the following symptoms:
1. The appearance of blood impurities in the urine.
2. Frequent and persistent pyelonephritis or other urinary tract infections.
3. High blood pressure (the patient may even be diagnosed with arterial hypertension).

Single large cysts are easiest to treat. Such a cyst can simply be pierced with a needle through the skin, after which its re-growth is relatively rare. In other cases, various types of surgical interventions are shown.

Benign tumors

The following types of benign kidney tumors are distinguished, which can cause pain over time:

hamatroma;
oncocytoma;

Benign renal tumors are prone to long-term asymptomatic course. For a long time, the patient does not bother at all. Later, when the neoplasm reaches a sufficiently large size, it begins to squeeze the kidneys and the organs and tissues surrounding them, blood vessels, disrupt the outflow of urine, and stretch the renal capsule, which contains many nerve endings.

Very weak, aching and pulling pains in the kidneys appear, and sometimes just unpleasant sensations, or discomfort in the lower back or in the side.

Treatment of benign kidney tumors is carried out by surgical methods.

Kidney cancer

Cancer kidney is common enough. Tumors can be of different origins, but usually have the same symptoms ... In most cases, the patient for a long time is worried about dull, pulling, aching pain in the projection of one or both kidneys. In the early stages, they can be so weak that the patient himself does not pay any attention to them.

But this is the insidiousness of malignant neoplasms. As a rule, if the patient begins to be bothered by severe pain and other symptoms, then neglected tumors are detected, which have already managed to infect the nearest lymph nodes and form metastases.

With cancer, pain in the kidney area is accompanied by the following symptoms:

weakness, increased fatigue, drowsiness ;
over time, the appetite decreases, the patient loses weight, becomes pale due to anemia - these signs are very characteristic of cancerous tumors;
the cause of anemia is a large amount of blood impurities in the urine;
increased body temperature within 37 o C for a long time;
rise in blood pressure: a picture develops that resembles hypertension.

The diagnosis in the early stages is established only after a thorough examination and examination. To do this, a patient who is worried about constant pain in the area of \u200b\u200bthe right or left kidney should consult a doctor in time, and the doctor should promptly suspect the disease.

Kidney pain caused by a malignant tumor requires a combination treatment, including surgical methods, chemotherapy and radiation therapy.

Hydronephrosis

Hydronephrosis is a pathology associated with stagnation of urine in the renal pelvis and expansion of the latter. Most often this happens due to the fact that the outflow of urine is impaired - there is a narrowing at the site of the transition of the renal pelvis into the ureter. Sometimes the development of hydronephrosis leads to a pronounced reflux of urine from bladder into the ureter (called vesicoureteral reflux).

With hydronephrosis, pain in the kidneys, in the back, in the lower back, in the side or in the abdomen is noted, recalling the pathology of the digestive system. In addition to pain in the kidney area, hydronephrosis is accompanied by the following symptoms:
1. Frequent infections of the urinary system (pyelonephritis).
2. In children, there is an increase in the size of the abdomen, indigestion, nausea , vomiting.
3. With a long and severe course of hydronephrosis, a child may have a lag in physical development.

The ideal situation is if hydronephrosis is diagnosed before it leads to kidney pain and other symptoms. If there are stomach ache , then this most often indicates that the expansion of the renal pelvis has reached a very large degree.

The cause of pain in the kidneys is revealed after ultrasound examination and excretory urography (a radiopaque substance is injected intravenously, and then on X-rays it is observed how it accumulates in the renal cups and pelvis).
Hydronephrosis treatment is surgical.

Congenital kidney defects

In most cases, minor kidney malformations do not show any symptoms.
But in some cases, they can manifest themselves as pulling aching pains in the kidneys during urination, after it, or constantly. Painful sensations are associated with the following reasons:

with the wrong location of the kidney, the ureter is compressed, the outflow of urine is disturbed;
renal vessels may be compressed;
especially often there is a violation of the outflow of urine with a doubling of the renal pelvis and ureter (in this case, hydronephrosis may be noted).

Pain may be accompanied by the following kidney malformations:

doubling of the kidney, renal pelvis, ureter;
horseshoe kidney;
S-shaped kidney;
biscuit kidney;
congenital stenosis (narrowing) of the ureter;
congenital renal cysts.

Sometimes such anomalies can be completely asymptomatic, without causing any abnormalities, but are detected by chance, during the examination. The appearance of pain in the kidney area most often indicates that their normal function is impaired, and treatment is required, which is most often surgical.

Vesicoureteral reflux

Vesicoureteral reflux - a condition in which urine is thrown from the bladder back into the ureter. One of the manifestations of pathology is pain in the kidneys.

Most often, initially vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) begins to manifest itself in the form of acute pyelonephritis. The development of the inflammatory process is due to the fact that, throwing back, urine irritates the walls of the ureters and brings with it pathogens. As a result, there is:

dull aching pain in the kidney area in the lower back;
increased body temperature;
general malaise;
edema on the face in the morning.

Kidney injury

The severity of pain in the kidney area with trauma does not always correspond to the degree of damage. Sometimes, with very severe injury, the pain can be minimal. And in some cases, with minor damage to the victim, severe acute pain in the kidneys worries.

Kidney contusion

Injury is the mildest type of kidney injury. It occurs when there is a blow to the lumbar region, a fall on the back or on the legs (in this case, during landing on the legs, there is a sharp short-term increase in intra-abdominal pressure due to the tension of the abdominal muscles).

After a bruise, there is a slight pain in the kidney area in the lower back.

The general condition of a person does not suffer. Small amounts of blood may appear in the urine. In order to determine the severity of the injury that resulted in pain in the kidney, a doctor's examination is required. Does not require surgical treatment.

Kidney rupture

Subcapsular (without damage to the renal capsule) kidney ruptures are considered moderate injuries. They arise inside, in the skin of the organ, and do not capture the renal capsule. Sometimes the tear of the renal cups and pelvis can be simultaneously noted.

With this type of injury, acute pain in the kidney area is not severe. But other threatening symptoms join:

the general condition of the victim is somewhat disturbed, weakness, lethargy, pallor are noted;
blood pressure decreases;
blood impurities appear in the urine, which persist for a long time;
at the site of injury, subcutaneous hemorrhage, swelling occurs;
sometimes large blood clots enter the ureter, and a picture of renal colic develops;
also, a clot can block the path of urine - while urinary retention is noted.

Victims with kidney pain and these symptoms should be taken to hospital immediately. Often the case ends with the need for surgical treatment.

Severe kidney damage

Severe damage to the kidneys is considered, in which there is a rupture of the kidney itself, its cups and pelvis. There may even be a detachment of part of the kidney.

At the same time, at the time of injury, there is a strong acute pain in the kidneys in the lumbar region. And then a massive bleeding leads to the development of a state of shock: blood pressure drops sharply, the victim becomes pale, indifferent to what is happening around, loses consciousness ... This is a very dangerous condition that can threaten the patient's life. Therefore, he must be taken to hospital immediately.

The most serious kidney injury is a crush injury. If qualified medical assistance is not provided in time, it may result in the death of the victim.

Kidney tuberculosis

Tuberculosis can amaze not only lungs , but also many other organs, including the kidneys. Most often, at first, there are no symptoms of the disease: the patient feels general weakness, lethargy, and increased fatigue.

In the future, stitching pains in the kidney area may join. Sometimes, in their suddenness and strength, they resemble renal colic. An admixture of blood appears in the urine, and then pus: it becomes cloudy.

Diagnostics and treatment of renal tuberculosis is carried out by a phthisiatrician.

Kidney pain during pregnancy

Kidney pain is a symptom that occurs during pregnancy relatively often. After all, all the internal organs of a pregnant woman function "for two", that is, in an enhanced mode. Therefore, disorders develop in them much easier, which can be both functional and indicate the development of pathology.

Most often, kidney pain during pregnancy is of the following origin:
1. Pain in the kidneys in the lower back does not always indicate disorders of the urinary system, especially in late pregnancy. After all, a growing fruit and uterus Is the extra weight that a woman should always carry with her. Loads on the lower back increase, which may be accompanied by periodic pulling pains.
2. Very often, pain in the kidneys during pregnancy indicates the onset or exacerbation of an inflammatory disease - pyelonephritis. At the same time, along with the pain syndrome, other symptoms appear: facial swelling, pallor, increased body temperature. Statistics show that pain in the kidney area in pregnant women in 20% of cases is associated with pyelonephritis. If a woman was diagnosed with chronic pyelonephritis even before pregnancy, then during pregnancy it is likely to worsen.
3. Urolithiasis disease. In this case, pain in the kidneys in a pregnant woman will manifest itself in the form of classic renal colic. According to statistics, urolithiasis is detected in pregnant women in 0.1% - 0.2% of cases.
4. Glomerulonephritis. An inflammatory disease that occurs in 0.1% of pregnant women and begins with acute pain in the kidney area.

What to do?
You should not take independent measures. A pregnant woman who has become concerned about the kidneys should see a doctor as soon as possible. If any pathology is detected, the doctor will prescribe the appropriate treatment.

How can you prevent pain?
The likelihood of developing various renal pathologies and, as a result, kidney pain increases during pregnancy. The following measures will help to reduce it:

correct nutrition : exclusion from the diet of fatty, fried, spicy, smoked, etc.;
daily use of cranberry juice;
you should drink about 2 liters of liquid per day;
wearing comfortable cotton underwear that does not irritate the skin or press on it, especially in the intimate area;
careful adherence to personal hygiene ;
frequent shower (sitz baths are not so preferable);
timely emptying of the bladder: a pregnant woman should never tolerate.

Subject to these rules, the likelihood of urological pathology, and associated pain in the kidney, is excluded in pregnant women.

Pain in the kidney with damage to other organs

Osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine

As the practice of doctors shows, therapists , osteochondrosis lumbar spine is the most common reason back pain which patients describe as pain in the kidney area. The pain syndrome caused by the pathology of the spinal column can be easily distinguished from that of renal origin:
1. Often, pain in the spine is provoked not only hypothermia , but also with prolonged intense physical activity;
2. The pain associated with osteochondrosis often radiates to one or both legs;
3. In this case, there may be weakness in the muscles of the lower extremities, a feeling numbness tingling sensation;
4. And, perhaps, the main difference: with osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine, "pain in the kidneys" is not accompanied by such characteristic symptoms as a rise in body temperature, impaired urination, color and consistency of urine, swelling on the face, etc.

Pain in the kidney in the back with a herniated disc

Hernia the intervertebral disc is another pathology of the spine, which can often give a pain syndrome similar to that of kidney pathology.

With a herniated disc, pain in the kidney area is acute, always very severe. In this case, additional symptoms may be noted, similar to those with osteochondrosis. There are also no "renal" symptoms in hernia.

The origin of pain is established after radiography , computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging ... Treatment is most often surgical.

Injuries to adjacent organs

Pain in the kidneys with injury must be distinguished from pain sensations that arise in other organs located nearby:

spinal column and spinal cord injuries ( fractures , bruises);
rib injuries, especially the XII rib;
spleen injury;
liver injury.

Sometimes the symptoms can be so mixed that it is not possible to know if there is kidney damage. The final diagnosis is established only after examination in a hospital.

Acute appendicitis

Pain in the kidney area in acute appendicitis occurs infrequently, and is associated with an incorrect location of the appendix. In addition, the following symptoms are observed:

nausea and vomiting;
raising the temperature to 37 o С;
diarrhea or, conversely, prolonged absence of a chair;
deterioration of the general condition of the patient.

If a person has severe acute pain in the area of \u200b\u200bthe right or left kidney, accompanied by these symptoms, then he should be examined by a surgeon.